Analisis Konvergensi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Ketimpangan Ekonomi di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

LENGO, Lucianus V. D. (2026) Analisis Konvergensi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Ketimpangan Ekonomi di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang.

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the occurrence of economic growth convergence toward economic inequality in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province during the 2020– 2024 period. Although economic growth in Nusa Tenggara Timur has shown an increasing trend following the contraction caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, income inequality among regencies/municipalities remains a regional development issue. Inequality is measured using the Williamson Index, while the convergence approach is employed to examine whether regions with lower income levels are able to grow faster than those with higher income levels (catching-up effect). This research applies a quantitative method using panel data regression that combines time series and cross-sectional data from 22 regencies/municipalities in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province. The analysis includes testing for absolute beta convergence and conditional beta convergence. The variables used consist of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita as an indicator of economic growth and the Human Development Index (HDI) as an explanatory variable in the conditional convergence model. The results indicate the presence of both absolute and conditional convergence in Nusa Tenggara Timur during the study period. This is reflected in a negative and statistically significant beta coefficient, implying that regions with lower per capita income tend to grow faster than those with higher income levels. Furthermore, the Human Development Index plays a significant role in accelerating the economic convergence process. These findings suggest that improving human resource quality can promote more equitable development and reduce interregional economic disparities.

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